Classical+india

India Summary of social structure:   India Espirit Chart

The society was dived up in to casts the Brahman being the highest, merchants, and then the untouchables. The untouchables had hardly any contact with the upper class. The Brahman were pressed and if they killed someone they hardly no punishment. In the Chinese society merchants were lower than the peasants which also influenced their economy. || Comparisons and Contrasts between Chinese and Indian Classical Societies - Whilst both India and China developed highly patriachal societies and families, both societies developed very different social structures. In both Chinese and Indian families, women were subordinated and men dominated the family unit, while the Indian family unit in particular required wives to literally worship their husbands as Gods. The Indian caste system placed merchants underneath the priests and warriors, unlike its Chinese counterpart, which placed the peasants underneath the wealthy and educated. Indian merchants were capable of far sea trade, which gave them a greater impact on the Indian economy than their Chinese counterparts. The Indian social hierarchy was basically more firmly rooted and established the Chinese hierarchy, and this actually made social mobility in Indian society much more difficult than in the more flexible Chinese society.
 * E || India's economy was based on agriculture and trade with foreign nations.  India had the best steel industry at the time in the world. Their emphases on trade was better than china and they traded by sea to middle east and roman empire. They were first to manufacture textiles such as in cloth and Casmir. ||
 * S || India social structure emphasized how men were dominating in family roles. Most of the men were married and their wives had to worship them like gods. The women had little to no rights and had to be arranged to be married. That differs from Chinese culture because although women had little rights it wasn't as stick as the Indian values.
 * P || Politics in India was based upon local or regional government which placed less government power in India due to the lack of a central government. India’s government was not very and there were no formal political theory that carried over from dynasties like in china. The government established a cast system that was interpreted by priest which promoted public order. The rulers depended on power of large armies. They were autocratic kings and emperors served as leader or in some case aristocratic claude. ||
 * I || India’s interaction with the world became highly based on trading with the middle east and roman empire with silk, drugs, gold, and other goods.  India traded with people of the world mainly elephants, cotton, cinnamon, and textiles. Indian trade was done by sea. Between china and India they developed caravan trains. By trading with the middle east and roman empire trade brought back pottery, wine, metal, and slaves. By trading silk, gold, and other goods made one made a fortune. India was the main trade port in the world. ||
 * R || The religion of Classical India was Hinduism and Buddhism.
 * Hinduism comes from the Vedic and epic ages, but it soon became most of India’s religion.
 * Hinduism believed in ritual and gurus.
 * Brahma was what made up everything in this world.
 * They embraced the belief in reincarnation.
 * Hinduism really enforced the distinct casts in India.
 * Buddha was a prince in India known as Siddhartha Gautama.
 * Buddhism was about obtaining salvation without rituals, beliefs in casts, and priests. People could get salvation individually.
 * Monks spread these teachings.
 * Emperor Ashoka was for Buddhism, and it had many followers in India but it didn’t dominate because Brahma was stronger.
 * Kamasutra was written in the 4th century BCE ||
 * I || ﻿ ﻿India affected China, ﻿ Middle East<span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; font-size: 11pt; fontstyle: normal; fontweight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">, Greek, And Roman.
 * Affected china with Buddhism and art.
 * Classical period started after Aryan invasions.
 * And Kushan invaders ||
 * T || <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; fontstyle: normal; fontweight: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; marginbottom: 0pt; marginleft: 0in; marginright: 0in; margintop: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;">Technology in India became more advanced in all the part in the world such as iron making and steel. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">The Indians made advancements in iron making, that became by far more advanced that the rest of the world. India had superior steel at the time. Textile techniques advanced like Casmir calico and cotton cloth. Invented modern world number system, decimals, and negative numbers. ||



** Summary: ** Indian civilization was one of the most open to outer influences then others. Their social structure was formed by a cast system which inputted order on the society. Brahman's dominated the caste system and it was around the Vedic age. That age was when the most advances were made in science, math, and technology. Buddhism was a philosophy that flourished during this time but it didn’t dominate India per say. It did have a big impact on china, east, central, and southwest Asia. And even Mediterranean. Like classical china, the Indian society believed in the male dominance not only in society but households. The highest in the India social class was Brahmans, then merchants, and the untouchables. Which differs from china, the merchants were lower then the peasants. The women had basically no rights and were arranged to be married. They advanced in manufacturing textiles like cotton cloth and Casmir. They lacked a central government meaning politics were set up on local and regional governments. Their economy was based on agriculture and trade with other countries.

Terms for Classical India


 * Aryans ||  Aryans are people who were descendant of prehistoric group that could spoke indo European.  ||
 * Ashoka ||  Ashoka was the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya and he conquered sub-continent part of India and became Buddhist.  ||
 * Gupta ||  The Gupta were a dynasty of the Kushan empire that came about in the 3rd century. They expanded territory through out India except the southern sub-continent parts.  ||
 * Caste system ||  A caste system is a division of social class where people are grouped by their heredity.  ||
 * Hinduism ||  Hinduism is the basic religion of the Indian society. Its complex views are based on the belief of many gods and Brahma being the main one. It brings about the caste system and reincarnating beliefs.  ||
 * Sanskrit ||  Sanskrit is a language used since 1200 B.C, it came from indo –European and Indic language.  ||
 * Upanishads ||  Upanishads are a collection of writings of Hinduism that connect humans, god and universe.  ||
 * Dharma ||  Dharma is the costume of the Hindus which means ones moral duty.  ||
 * Buddhism ||  Buddhism is a religion founded by Buddha and its emphasizes the physical and spiritual discipline to reach nirvana, which is complete peace away from temptations and desires.  ||
 * Tamils ||  Tamils are the Dravidian people and language of southern India.  ||
 * Chandragupta Maurya ||  Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of Mauyra dynasty. He created the first empire of the sun-continent India and it was the first centralized government of Harappian civilization.  ||
 * Gurus ||  A guru gives religious instructions, considered a mentor or a spiritual leader.  ||
 * Bhagavad Gita ||  Bhagavad Gita is the portion of sacred books of Hinduism.  ||

Buddha