The+world+economy

The World Economy Notes on Chapter 16 pgs. 350-359
 * The west’s first Outreach: MI: The Portuguese and Spanish exposed leadership and soon after France, Britain, and Holland followed. They seized control of very important anted trading routes. ||
 * New Technology- A Key to Power: MI: Technology steadily advanced, especially among the Europeans.
 * Europeans created deep-draft, rounded-hulled sailing ships
 * Improved the compass
 * Adapted the use of gun powder ||
 * Portugal and Spain Lead the Pack: MI: Spanish and Portuguese were the first to branch out and set up colonies over seas. These two basically were at competition, especially after Columbus’ discovery of America.
 * King Henry the Navigator organizes expeditions and discovers the Cape of Good Hope
 * European sailors connect w/ Indian trade routes = iron pots to trade
 * Violence since trade didn't work
 * The Portuguese faced hostility from the Muslim merchants, and they confused the Hindu temple for churches
 * ** Christopher Columbus ** set sail for a westward route to India
 * Columbus but instead of finding India he found America, but the expedition done be **Amerigo Vespucci**, gave America its name.
 * That led to Spain dominating most of Latin America.
 * Portugal explored the coast of Africa and the Indian port of Goa, a lease on the Chinese port of Macao, and Japan, and claimed Brazil.
 * Spanish claimed Mexico held Florida and sent expeditions from Mexico to California. ||
 * Northern European Expeditions: MI: After the Portuguese and Spanish expedition France, Britain, and Holland set out on explorations.
 * Portuguese and Spanish were busy with the land they had taken control of
 * The British and Dutch improved their oceanic vessels
 * Britain won a sea battle against Spain in 1588
 * British destroyed the Spanish Armada
 * ** British East Indian Company **
 * ** Dutch East India Companies **
 * These companies were like governments ||
 * The Columbian Exchange of Disease and Food: MI: During the 16th and 17th century half of the native Americans of north and south America were killed due the infectious diseases of small pox and measles. Also the introduction of new staple crops and livestock were included.


 * The devastation took 150 years to be in effect
 * When Europeans met with Polynesian people in the 18th century the same thing happened
 * Crops were grew rapidly like potatoes and American corn
 * This led to population increase
 * Animals were also introduced like horses and cattle. ||
 * International Inequalities
 * Coercive labor systems spread, and dependant global economies required cheap production of goods to make a profit.
 * For many Natives and Mestizos, estate agriculture was the only answer, as the peasants did not have the legal independence to leave.
 * African princes + slaveholders could become wealthy (tended to import European goods instead of using slave labor) ||